{"id":679,"date":"2020-01-08T17:59:25","date_gmt":"2020-01-08T14:59:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/?p=679"},"modified":"2020-01-08T17:59:46","modified_gmt":"2020-01-08T14:59:46","slug":"kuert-kadin-oezguerluek-muecadelesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/kuert-kadin-oezguerluek-muecadelesi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcrt Kad\u0131n \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck M\u00fccadelesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fanabilir k\u0131lman\u0131n aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PKK\u2019nin paradigmas\u0131 d\u00f6nemin sol, sosyalist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan etkilenerek olu\u015ftu. Buna ra\u011fmen kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinin olmazsa olmaz oldu\u011fu kurulu\u015fundan itibaren dile getirildi. Kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn, toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirmesi PKK\u2019nin kuramlar\u0131 ve kurumla\u015fmas\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurgu. Bu \u015fekillenmede, ilk grup a\u015famas\u0131nda kad\u0131n etraf\u0131nda bir \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Sakine Cans\u0131z\u2019\u0131n (9 Ocak 2013\u2019te Fidan Do\u011fan ve Leyla \u015eaylemez ile birlikte Fransa\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Paris\u2019te katledildi) pay\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

PKK, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc kongresi ile birlikte \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe do\u011fru ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 att\u0131. Bireyler \u015fahs\u0131nda K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinin ilk n\u00fcveleri \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemelerle birlikte a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ki\u015filik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemeleri toplumsal ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin ki\u015fili\u011fin olu\u015fumunu nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fine dair \u00f6nemli veriler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Nitekim \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n PKK 3. Kongresinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenen birey de\u011fil toplum, an de\u011fil tarihtir\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesi bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemelerin toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmdeki katk\u0131s\u0131 ve bunun kuramla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00fcce d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinde ilk ad\u0131m 1987 y\u0131l\u0131nda Yekitiye Jinen Welatparez\u00ean Kurdistan (YJWK)\u2019nin kurulu\u015fu idi. Bu \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme tarihsel ko\u015fullar i\u00e7inde kad\u0131n\u0131n ve ailenin in\u015fas\u0131, kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme sorunlar\u0131 \u00fczerine tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. YJWK ilan\u0131ndan sonra ulusal, s\u0131n\u0131fsal, kurtulu\u015f perspektifinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kad\u0131n cinsinin kurtulu\u015fu g\u00fcndeme geldi. Kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirilmesi \u00fczerine geli\u015fen ilk teorik de\u011ferlendirmeler bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Kad\u0131n ve Aile Sorunu\u2019 adl\u0131 kitapla birlikte bu teorik tespitler toplumsal dokuya temas etti. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n devrimci ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc karakterde geli\u015fen ilk \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olan YJWK, kurulu\u015f tarihi olan 1987 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 1993 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar olan \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesinde temel rol oynad\u0131. Kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinde elde etti\u011fi sonu\u00e7lar, yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler PKK\u2019de kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dair \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir bak\u0131\u015f, teorik bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Toplumdaki zihinsel kal\u0131plar\u0131 k\u0131ran bu teorik \u00e7er\u00e7eve, pratikte h\u0131zla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k buldu. 1993\u2019de kad\u0131n ordula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ilan\u0131yla birlikte PKK\u2019de sosyolojik anlamda k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fand\u0131. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

YJWK\u2019nin devam\u0131, kapsaml\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131, ordula\u015fmayla kazan\u0131lan \u00f6z g\u00fc\u00e7, \u00f6z irade \u00f6rg\u00fctsel bir zeminde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k buldu. Kad\u0131n ordula\u015fmas\u0131, K\u00fcrt kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n deneyimleri ve bundan s\u00fcz\u00fclen bilginin artmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131. Erkek egemen sistemin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc savunucusu olan kapitalist modernite sarmal\u0131ndan kurtulmak isteyen kad\u0131nlara kendilerini ifade edebilecekleri bir alan a\u00e7t\u0131. Kad\u0131n\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc egemenlik ili\u015fkilerinden s\u0131yr\u0131larak dalga dalga PKK\u2019de ordula\u015fmaya kat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n zemini olu\u015ftu.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ordula\u015fma s\u00fcreci K\u00fcrdistan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck da\u011flar\u0131nda, kapitalist modernitenin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan kurtulmak isteyen kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc deneyimler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. K\u00fcrt kad\u0131n\u0131 ulus devlet, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda var olu\u015f m\u00fccadelesini \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Gerilla i\u00e7inde ya\u015fanan bu zihnihyet \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, patriyarkal, kapitalizm ve devlet ittifak\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm toplumsal \u00e7atlaklara s\u0131zd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sistemi s\u0131n\u0131fsal ve ulusal kurtulu\u015f hareketlerinin perspektifleriyle \u00e7\u00f6zmenin yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn, daha k\u00f6kl\u00fc sistem \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemesi ve bunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda in\u015fa edilecek alternatif kurumla\u015fmalarla geli\u015fece\u011fi netle\u015fti. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00f6tekile\u015ftirmeye kar\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7te ve d\u0131\u015fta y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu m\u00fccadele, iktidar \u00fczerine kurulu toplumsal dokuda gedikler a\u00e7t\u0131. Gerillada \u2018cins m\u00fccadelesi\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlanan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, erkek egemenli\u011finin yans\u0131malar\u0131 ve direk sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kad\u0131nda \u00f6z savunma bilinci olu\u015ftu. En \u00f6nemlisi de kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sorununun, K\u00fcrt sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonraya ertelenebilecek bir olgu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Erkek egemenlikli yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla her an m\u00fccadele edilmesi gereklili\u011fi K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinde \u00e7ok temel bir hakikat olarak ya\u015fam buldu. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n gerilla sahas\u0131na akmas\u0131n\u0131n, PKK\u2019de bu ihtiyaca cevap olabilecek \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme ve i\u015fleyi\u015fin olmas\u0131yla ba\u011f\u0131 var. Bu sayede kapitalist modernitenin s\u0131n\u0131rlar belirledi\u011fi kent merkezlerinden ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc olarak ele almada ciddi bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yakaland\u0131. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n ordula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sonucu olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan deneyim ve birikim, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinin bir ileri a\u015famaya ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n zeminini yaratt\u0131. 8 Mart 1995\u2019te ilan edilen Yekitiy\u00ea Azadiy\u00ea Jin\u00ean Kurdistan (YAJK) \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck aras\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir a\u015fama oldu. Kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z y\u00f6netim g\u00fcc\u00fcne ula\u015fmas\u0131 ve politikle\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayan YAJK\u2019\u0131n ilan\u0131yla birlikte kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc t\u00fcm alanlara yans\u0131d\u0131. \u00d6rg\u00fctsel anlamda da\u011flardan \u015fehirlere kadar geli\u015ferek kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fledi. Kad\u0131n ordula\u015fmas\u0131, kad\u0131n\u0131n iradi bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na, varl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131 ve direni\u015finde irade haline gelmesine neden oldu. Toplumsal anlamda s\u00f6m\u00fcrge bir halk\u0131n direni\u015f\u00e7i kad\u0131nlar\u0131, kad\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fer \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc olursa nas\u0131l bir iradeyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayarak deneyimledi.. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

YAJK \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi ve yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar, Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n \u201c<\/span>erke\u011fi \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek\u201d<\/b><\/span> kuram\u0131na zemin sundu. Erke\u011fin s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci, hegemonik, iktidarc\u0131 y\u00f6nleri sorgulamaya a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve erke\u011fin de \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sorunu oldu\u011fu tan\u0131mlamas\u0131na gidildi. Kad\u0131n\u0131n ve erke\u011fin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u2018<\/span>sonsuz bo\u015fanma\u2019<\/b><\/span> teorisi, her iki cinsin kendi ger\u00e7e\u011finin daha fazla fark\u0131na varabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli ad\u0131m oldu. Bu kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rma, ya\u015fam deneyimi olarak yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 zeminlerde kad\u0131n\u0131n kendi g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc fark\u0131na varmas\u0131na ve iradesinin daha fazla g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine katk\u0131 sundu. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1998 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilan\u0131 yap\u0131lan ve bug\u00fcn de g\u00fcncelli\u011fini koruyan <\/span>Kad\u0131n Kurtulu\u015f \u0130deolojisi<\/b><\/span> bir kuram olarak tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. \u00dcstelik bu tart\u0131\u015fma dar elit bir grup taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmedi. PKK\u2019de yer alan t\u00fcm kad\u0131n ve erkekler bu tart\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecine dahil oldu. Kad\u0131n\u0131n ideolojisi, yurtseverlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr irade, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck, m\u00fccadele bilinci ve estetik ilkeleri \u00fczerinden kavramla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu kavramlar en eski s\u00f6m\u00fcrge kad\u0131n\u0131n, ilkesel d\u00fczeyde yeni ya\u015fam dayanaklar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturdu. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0131saca bu kavramlar\u0131 ele alacak olursak; <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yurtseverlik<\/b><\/span> kad\u0131n ideolojisini topra\u011fa dayand\u0131ran, \u00fcretimin ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn toprakla ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kuran ilke olarak belirlendi. Milliyet\u00e7ilik kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yurt sevgisi ve toprak sevgisi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fan\u0131lan toplumsal dokunun, maddi ve manevi tarihsel de\u011ferlerini tan\u0131ma, geli\u015ftirme ve savunma bu kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rma ile sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Bu sayede kad\u0131n, ya\u015fama \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve iradesiyle kat\u0131l\u0131m sa\u011flayabildi. Kad\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fumu ve geli\u015fiminin sadece cinsellik d\u00fczleminde ele al\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu ilkeyle kad\u0131n hem kendi m\u00fccadelesini hem de y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesini sorgulayarak, de\u011fi\u015fim d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc s\u00fcreklile\u015ftirdi. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6z g\u00fc\u00e7-\u00d6z irade <\/b><\/span>erkek egemen sistemin kad\u0131n iradesini k\u0131rmak \u00fczerinden geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi sisteme kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015fti. <\/span>\u0130radeden yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lan bir kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde belirleyici rol oynamas\u0131 beklenemez. \u2018\u0130rade kazanmak da ancak bilin\u00e7lenme ile olur\u2019 dan yola \u00e7\u0131karak belirlenen bir ilkedir. <\/span><\/span>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla irade kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nce \u00f6z bilince kavu\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu anlamda bilin\u00e7lenme ve iradele\u015fme aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 bir ba\u011f vard\u0131r<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck <\/b><\/span>her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ya\u015fam bulabilmesi i\u00e7in temel bir ihtiya\u00e7t\u0131r. \u00d6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck olmadan, hi\u00e7bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce eyleme ge\u00e7emez, ya\u015famsalla\u015famaz. K\u00fcrt Halk \u00d6nderi Abdullah \u00d6calan; \u201c\u00f6rg\u00fcts\u00fcz insan bir hi\u00e7tir. \u0130lk \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme kad\u0131nla ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. En \u00e7ok \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeyi esas almas\u0131 gereken g\u00fc\u00e7 kad\u0131nd\u0131r\u2019 diyerek \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin t\u00fcm toplumsal alanlarda yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etti. \u2018Erke\u011fin insaf\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kad\u0131n kaybetmeye mahkumdur\u2019 diyerek \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn t\u00fcm toplumsal alanlara yay\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ifade etti.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fc<\/b><\/span>cadelecilik <\/b><\/span>kad\u0131n kurtulu\u015f ideolojisinin temel ilkelerinden biridir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z bilin\u00e7, irade kazanabilmesi i\u00e7in patriyarkal\u0131n kurumla\u015fmas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7 kazanabilmesi gerekir. \u00d6calan \u2018kad\u0131n kimli\u011fi m\u00fccadelesizlikten dolay\u0131 d\u00f6rt duvar aras\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u2019 diyerek ideolojik, politik, \u00f6rg\u00fctsel, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u0131sacas\u0131 kendini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebilecek her alanda m\u00fccadele etmesi gerekti\u011fine i\u015faret etti. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Etik ve estetik ilkesi<\/b><\/span> de \u00f6zg\u00fcr ya\u015fam\u0131n temel dayanaklar\u0131ndan biri olarak ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Kad\u0131n\u0131n sava\u015f, gerilla, siyaset gibi alanlardaki varl\u0131k m\u00fccadelesinin etik ve estetikten kopmadan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi \u00f6nemli g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Ancak bu \u015fekilde \u2018kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019 ve toplumsal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn sa\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. G\u00fczellik kad\u0131n\u0131n kendisini erke\u011fe be\u011fendirmenin \u00f6tesine ta\u015f\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckle \u00f6zde\u015f k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131. Bu ilke \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n \u2018sava\u015fan \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fir, \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fen g\u00fczelle\u015fir, g\u00fczelle\u015fen sevilir\u2019 s\u00f6z\u00fcyle ya\u015famda somutla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131yla etik; \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ahlak\u0131 ve bilinci, estetik ise bu bilin\u00e7 do\u011frultusunda olu\u015fmak \u015feklinde ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n Kurtulu\u015f \u0130deolojisi kuram\u0131 2-12 Mart 1999\u2019da ilan\u0131 yap\u0131lan PJKK (Partiya Jin\u00ean Karker\u00ean Kurdistan ile pratikle\u015fti. Kad\u0131n kurtulu\u015f ideolojisinin toplumsal dokuya n\u00fcfuz edebilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00f6rg\u00fcte olan ihtiya\u00e7tan kaynakl\u0131 partile\u015fmeye gidildi. Kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck militanlar\u0131n\u0131n paradigmal temelde in\u015fas\u0131 da partile\u015fmeyle birlikte \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcce d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kad\u0131n partile\u015fmesi K\u00fcrt Halk \u00d6nderi Abdullah \u00d6calan\u2019a d\u00f6n\u00fck uluslararas\u0131 komplonun hemen ard\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. \u00d6calan kad\u0131n partile\u015fmesini \u2018yar\u0131m kalan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u2019 diye tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fck pratik ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel perspektiflerinin hayata ge\u00e7mesi olarak ele ald\u0131. Ancak bu de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcreci PKK\u2019de sanc\u0131l\u0131 ve zamana yay\u0131lan bi\u00e7imde ilerledi. K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketinin ismi PJKK III. Kongresinde ( 29 Temmuz-21 A\u011fustos 2000) Partiya Jina Azad (PJA) olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. PJA K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinde \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc deneyimler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve kad\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l bir toplumla ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131 sorular\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131tlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131t\u0131. Bu yan\u0131tlarla olu\u015fan <\/span>Toplumsal S\u00f6zle\u015fme<\/b><\/span> bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te g\u00fcndeme al\u0131nd\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya kad\u0131n hareketleri bu eksende tart\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc. K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten sonra evrensel d\u00fczleme ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6calan\u2019\u0131n \u0130mral\u0131\u2019da ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 paradigma de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketi i\u00e7inde yeniden in\u015fa tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z g\u00fc\u00e7 ve \u00f6z irade kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc m\u00fccadelede iktidarla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan yanlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fim arz etti. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2006 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren ise PAJK (Part\u00eeya Azad\u00eeya Jin\u00ean Kurdistan) \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Modernist paradigma, Marksist Leninist \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme bi\u00e7imine y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler ve cinsiyet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc, demokratik, ekolojik paradigma ekseninde PAJK\u2019\u0131n yeniden in\u015fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. Yeniden in\u015fa s\u00fcrecinin bir sonucu olarak kad\u0131n hareketi \u00f6nc\u00fc parti, \u00f6z savunma \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi , gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n, toplumsal alana y\u00f6nelik bile\u015fenler \u00fczerinden bir \u00e7at\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc kuruldu. Koma Jinen B\u0131l\u0131nd ( KJB)\u2019nin ( 2005) bile\u015fenleri i\u00e7inde me\u015fru savunma g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak YJA Star yer ald\u0131. YJA Star anti militarist bir savunma g\u00fcc\u00fc olup, me\u015fru s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde kad\u0131na ve toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sald\u0131r\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda savunma geli\u015ftiriyor. Demokratik ekolojik cinsiyet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc paradigmay\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn zihniyet formu olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. YJA, toplumsal alanda kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131. Ulus devlet d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda demokratik ulus in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal alan \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc olarak kendini KJB i\u00e7inde konumland\u0131rd\u0131. PAJK, KJB sisteminin parti \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi olarak, ahlaki politik toplumsal yap\u0131n\u0131n ideolojik geli\u015fimine \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck konumunu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc Parti \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, ulus devlet formunun olarak merkezi ele almak yerine demokratik ulusun hakikat aray\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 olarak militan kadro kurumla\u015fmas\u0131 olarak sistemde yerini ald\u0131. Komal\u00ean Ciwan ise demokratik ulus in\u015fas\u0131nda jerontokrasiden kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alan iktidar sorgulamalar\u0131 temelinde gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesini \u00fcstlendi. Gen\u00e7 kad\u0131n kimli\u011finin \u00f6zg\u00fcr in\u015fas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme m\u00fccadelesini y\u00fcr\u00fcten \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme olarak KJB sistemi i\u00e7inde yerini ald\u0131. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

KJB, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n May\u0131s ay\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi 7. Ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc Kurultay\u0131\u2019nda KJK (K\u00fcrdistan Kad\u0131nlar Toplulu\u011fu) ismini ald\u0131. KJK mevcut durumda \u00f6rg\u00fctsel, siyasal ve \u00f6z savunma anlam\u0131nda t\u00fcm ihtiya\u00e7lara cevap verebilen ve t\u00fcm par\u00e7alardaki kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerinin ve bile\u015fenlerin iradesinin ortakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sistemdir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

KJK, yerelden ba\u015flayarak, evrensel d\u00fczeyde kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ideolojik ve politik esaslar\u0131 temelinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenen kad\u0131n\u0131n konfederal sistemidir. KJK\u2019nin amac\u0131 demokratik, ekolojik, cinsiyet \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fc toplum hedefiyle,kad\u0131n\u0131n konfederal \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirmek ve demokratik konfederalizmi kad\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde in\u015fa etmektir. Toplumsal cinsiyet\u00e7i zihniyet ve yap\u0131lanmalarla m\u00fccadele ederek, ataerkil devlet\u00e7i toplum sistemini a\u015fmay\u0131, kad\u0131n kurtulu\u015f ideolojisi temelinde kad\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131ndaki \u00f6zg\u00fcr kimli\u011fini geli\u015ftirmeyi esas almaktad\u0131r<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketi ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 kuramlar ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmelerle s\u00fcrekli ilerlemi\u015ftir. Her ad\u0131m kapitalist modernitenin tam kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, kad\u0131na alternatif bir ya\u015fam sunma ideas\u0131yla at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sistem ele\u015ftirileri yapmas\u0131na, patriyarkal\u0131n kavramlar\u0131 ve kuram\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli m\u00fccadele etmesine, bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeler geli\u015ftirmesine ra\u011fmen sistemi b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etmiyor. Feminist teori, kuram ve ideolojiyi de kendisine bir miras olarak g\u00f6ren K\u00fcrdistan kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi statikli\u011fi kabul etmiyor. Mevcut yap\u0131sall\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fma kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile entelekt\u00fcel alanda da \u00e7aba sahibi. Kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck manifestosu, kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yaparak \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesine ivme kazand\u0131rd\u0131. Bu teorik ve pratik ad\u0131mlar\u0131n hepsi kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fme ihtiyac\u0131 do\u011frultusunda geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u2018Kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn salt maddi yap\u0131lanmalara de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda zihinsel bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme de ihtiya\u00e7 duymas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc teori ve pratik i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Varl\u0131k, bilin\u00e7 ve form\u2019 ekseninde bir diyalektik i\u015flemi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7 itibar\u0131yla patriyarkala kar\u015f\u0131 zihinsel boyutta daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, sistematik ve bilimsel bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Jineoloji bu ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layacak, kad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fccadele i\u00e7indeki pratik tecr\u00fcbeyle edindi\u011fi deneyimi bilgiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecek. Kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck tarihi yaz\u0131m\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunacak. Kad\u0131n eksenli bir sitem kurulmas\u0131na zihinsel anlamda \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck edecek. 40 y\u0131la yak\u0131n s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 maddi ve manevi de\u011ferleri bilimsel bir ifadeye kavu\u015fturarak bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayacak. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015fanabilir k\u0131lman\u0131n aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan PKK\u2019nin paradigmas\u0131 d\u00f6nemin sol, sosyalist d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan etkilenerek olu\u015ftu. Buna ra\u011fmen kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesinin olmazsa olmaz oldu\u011fu kurulu\u015fundan itibaren dile getirildi. Kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn, toplumsal \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fc oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirmesi PKK\u2019nin kuramlar\u0131 ve kurumla\u015fmas\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurgu. Bu \u015fekillenmede, ilk grup a\u015famas\u0131nda kad\u0131n etraf\u0131nda bir \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Sakine Cans\u0131z\u2019\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-679","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kurdistan-kadin-hareketi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/679","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=679"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":680,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/679\/revisions\/680"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jineoloji.eu\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}